JD said:
Torque. The engine's power take-off is essentially the end of the
crankshaft, which is spinning. Consequently, that is where you measure the
output of the engine; torque.
No, no, no. Torque is a "static" variable. It has no time component.
All it tells is the amount of work that can be done per unit of
angular displacement. In English units (man how I hate them):
1 ft-lb is equivalent to the force of 1 lb of gravity acting on a 1 ft
lever. Work (energy produced) from a constant force is defined as:
work = force * distance force is applied.
The distance with that 1 ft lever is the circumference of the circle
at the edge of the lever (where the force is applied). So the amount
of work done with 1 ft-lb for one revolution is:
work = 1 lb * (2*pi * 1 ft)
You can apply force or torque to something that isn't moving (like a
rusty bolt). Until it starts moving, no work is being done even
though torque is more than 0.
Personally I don't particularly like the terms "high torque" or
"low torque" engine because they don't really describe the true
nature of the engine. I'd think "high grunt" and "high revving"
are better terms. A "high grunt" (your typical large displacement
[possibly diesel] engine) would produce more torque (and thus power)
at lower revs. This would be better suited towards automatic
transmissions and/or hauling large loads, since they can produce
adequate (but not peak) power at lower revs.
OK. So you don't like the terms. What I mean by 'high-torque' is an
engine
which produces the majority of its torque at low RPM, while a high HP
engine
is one that either produces very little torque at low RPM and higher
torque
at high RPM, or maintains its low torque well past its peak; like an F1
engine.
There are all sorts of engines. Whenever you talk about the "torque"
of an engine at the crankshaft, the term is meaningless unless you
know the revs. Once you have that you know the power output. If
engine A produces twice the torque at 2000 RPM than engine B, that
means it's producing twice the power at 2000 RPM than engine B. My
biggest beef is those who think a single peak power or torque figure
is adequate to describe the acceleration of a car. It's far more
complicated than that.
It isn't enough. However, neither is HP. HP varies with RPM as well. To
state what the peak HP is still not sufficient to tell you much of anything
without knowing what RPM the peak HP is, and what gears it is married to.
Sure. torque and power vary in a fixed relationship as long as the
engine is moving. What I'm saying is that knowing what the power
output at the crankshaft at any given instant (without knowing much
else) gives a good first order approximation of how quickly energy is
being turned into kinetic energy (E=0.5m*v^2). That's what power is -
how much energy is being produced per unit time. Torque at the
crankshaft at any given instant doesn't say squat.
Many high performance engines have very flat torque curves and will maintain
something close to peak torque well past the peak; ie the torque drops off
slowly after the peak.
I used to own a 1995 Acura Integra GS-R. The sucker redlined at 8000
RPM. There was a power/torque curve in the brochure. The torque
curve was flat from about 3000 RPM (~120 ft-lbs) to the torque peak
at about 6800 RPM (130 ft-lbs). It tailed off a little and dropped
quickly by the time it hit the redline. The power peak was just short
of the redline. This kind of high-revving engine has a relatively flat
torque up to the peak, which then drops quickly to about 100 ft-lbs
at redline.
This guy has some power/torque curves for his 1995 Honda Civic SiR:
It does not.
Same for HP.
No - if you know how much power is being produced at the crankshaft,
you have a reasonable indication (there are frictional losses) of
the rate at which energy is being converted into kinetic energy.
Power at the crankshaft becomes torque at the wheels which turns into
force at the contact patch - more or less. It's not a linear
correlation to the F=ma equation, but it better than knowing torque
at the crankshaft alone.